09/07/2026
Every intervention alters a landscape. The real question is: in which direction?
A hillslope scarred by erosion, streams cut into deep gullies, abandoned terraces that stay waterlogged through the monsoon—this is not an untouched landscape. It has already been shaped by us.
Long before the hills were cleared for cultivation, these slopes in the Western Ghats around Bhor were likely a mosaic of forests, grasslands, seasonal streams, wetlands and rich undergrowth. Rain would have been intercepted by vegetation, absorbed into deep, living soils, and released slowly through springs and streams.
If we now slow the water with small loose stone bunds, reduce soil erosion, rebuild the soil, and gradually restore diverse tree-based food gardens, are we altering the landscape? Certainly. But perhaps we are nudging it back towards functioning more like it once did—a landscape that holds water, builds soil, supports biodiversity and becomes increasingly self-sustaining.
This isn't an argument against farming. Our grain-growing regions will continue to feed millions, and they are indispensable.
But many people are now choosing to leave urban life and build homes on small pieces of land in places like these. Almost by default, they end up replicating conventional farming systems—systems that evolved under very different social and economic conditions, and that increasingly depend on scarce water, external inputs and agricultural labour that is itself becoming harder to find.
I've been watching this pattern for a few years now, and it makes me wonder: if we're beginning with a blank slate, could we imagine something different?
Could these smaller landscapes become places where ecological restoration and food production strengthen each other? Where diverse, tree-based food systems complement—not replace—conventional agriculture, while producing fresh, nutrient-dense food, reducing dependence on external inputs, and asking less of an already stressed landscape?
If every intervention alters a landscape, perhaps the question is not whether we change it—but whether we help it become more alive than it was before.