Ifcon Geohydro SB

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HYDROGRAPHIC SURVEY is the science of measurement and description of features which affect maritime navigation, marine construction, dredging, offshore oil exploration/drilling and related disciplines. Hydrographic survey are traditionally conducted by using survey vessel and echo sounder, which depth could be determined by using sound pulse direct from the surface vertically down.

OCEANOGRAPHY covers a wide range of topics, including marine organism and ecosystem dynamics e.g. ocean currents, waves and fluxes of various chemical substances and physical properties within the ocean and across its boundaries.

* Current Metering - Ocean currents are important in the study of marine debris, and vice versa. This operation will determined the current flow and direction in the designated area. Current meter will record the reading and stored in its internal memory which could be transfer into computers for final analysis.

* Water Sampling - The complexity of water quality as a subject is reflected in the many types of measurements of water quality indicators. More complex measurements that must be made in a lab setting require a water sample to be collected, preserved, and analyzed at any designated location and depths.

* Offshore soil collection introduces many difficult variables. In shallow water, work can be done off a barge. In deeper water a ship will be required. Deepwater soil samplers are normally variants of Kullenberg-type samplers, a modification on a basic gravity corer using a piston (Vibro-corer). Seabed samplers are also available, which push the collection tube slowly into the soil.

* Side Scan Sonar - Side scan sonar is a device that emits fan-shaped pulses down toward the seafloor across a wide angle perpendicular to the path of the sensor through the water, which may be towed from a surface vessel or mounted on the ship's hull. Side-scan sonar imagery is also a commonly used tool to detect debris items and other obstructions on the seafloor that may be hazardous to shipping or to seafloor installations by the oil and gas industry.

MULTI BEAM ECHO SOUNDER is an improved technology from side scan sonar. Which higher frequency systems suitable for high-resolution mapping in shallow water were developed, and such systems are widely used for shallow water hydrographic surveying in support of navigational charting. Multi beam echo sounders are also commonly used for geological, oceanographic research, offshore oil and gas exploration and seafloor cable routing.

DIFFERENTIAL GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (DGPS) is an enhancement to Global Positioning System that uses a network of fixed, ground-based reference stations to broadcast the difference between the positions indicated by the satellite systems and the known fixed positions. These stations broadcast the difference between the measured satellite pseudo ranges and actual (internally computed) pseudo ranges, and receiver stations may correct their pseudo ranges by the same amount.

LAND SURVEYING is the technique and science of accurately determining the terrestrial or three-dimensional position of points and the distances and angles between them. These points are usually on the surface of the Earth, and they are often used to establish land maps and boundaries for ownership or governmental purposes.

LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) is an optical remote sensing technology that measures properties of scattered light to find range and/ or other information of a distant target. LIDAR technology has application in Geomatics, archaeology, geography, geology, geomorphology, seismology, forestry, remote sensing and atmospheric physics.

AIRBORNE LiDAR SURVEY or (Airborne Laser Swath Mapping) is a highly efficient method to rapidly acquire three dimensional terrain and surface data with high accuracy.

IRBORNE LiDAR DATA ACQUISITION are made by using flight line as guidance and all survey data will be stored accordingly. LiDAR data are processed on site every time after operation completed to ensure overlaps of aerial photographs and point cloud data are sufficient.

G.I.S or geographical information system, is a system that captures, stores, analyzes, manages, and presents data that are linked to location. GIS systems are used in cartography, remote sensing, land surveying, photogrammetry, geography, urban planning, emergency management, navigation, and localized search engines. GIS are tools that allow users to create interactive queries (user-created searches), analyze spatial information, edit data, maps, and present the results of all these operations.