10/15/2024
Everyone knows spring is a great time to plant, but did you know that fall is actually a more ideal time for planting trees and shrubs in Ontario? Fall planting offers unique benefits that give your trees a stronger start before the stress of summer heat. Read on to discover why fall is the best time to plant trees, how to properly plant and care for them, and the important role mycorrhizae play in helping trees thrive.
When is the Best Time to Plant Trees in Ontario?
The ideal planting time can vary depending on your region. In areas with mild, consistent climates, planting trees can be done year-round. However, in places like Ontario, where the seasons are distinct, fall is often the preferred time to plant. Trees can be planted anytime from late August to mid-October, or even later if the ground hasn’t frozen solid. As long as you can still dig into the soil with a spade, it’s safe to plant.
Benefits of Fall Planting
Fall planting offers several advantages. Trees planted in the fall enjoy an additional growing season before the stress of summer arrives. During fall, the soil remains warm even as the air cools, which encourages strong root growth without the plant needing to expend energy on new leaves or buds. The cooler temperatures also reduce water loss, helping trees avoid transplant shock. As trees enter their dormant phase in winter, they can focus their energy on establishing a robust root system, better preparing them for the following growing season.
Species That Prefer Spring Planting
While fall is ideal for most trees, certain species benefit from spring planting due to their sensitivity to frost and cold. Trees like magnolia, birch, willow, dogwood, and oak are best planted in the spring when they can enjoy warmer soil and a full growing season before winter dormancy sets in.
The Importance of Mycorrhizae and Myco-Active Soil
For even better results, consider using mycorrhizae and myco-active soil when planting. Mycorrhizae are beneficial fungi that form a symbiotic relationship with tree roots. They help roots absorb water and nutrients more efficiently, especially phosphorus, and improve the tree’s resistance to drought and disease. Myco-active soil is rich in these fungi, promoting a healthier root system and stronger overall growth. By incorporating mycorrhizae during planting, you’re giving your trees a boost in establishing a deep and resilient root system.
Steps to Plant Trees in the Fall
1. Minimize Stress
When transporting your new tree, be sure to pad the trunk and branches with burlap and secure them with rope. Plant the tree as soon as possible, but if immediate planting isn’t feasible, store the tree in a cool, shaded area and keep the roots moist.
2. Carefully Plant Your Tree
Dig a hole that is two to three times wider than the root ball but no deeper than the root ball’s height. Place the tree in the hole so the root collar (where the roots meet the trunk) is slightly above the soil surface. Use the native soil you dug up or supplement it with nutrient-rich soil, avoiding any grass or sod. Gently pack the soil around the roots to eliminate air pockets and ensure proper drainage. Water the tree immediately after planting.
3. Incorporate Mycorrhizae
Before filling in the hole completely, mix in myco-active soil or mycorrhizal fungi powder around the root zone. This step will encourage the development of a strong root network and enhance the tree's nutrient uptake.
4. Create a Watering Basin
Build a small berm of soil around the base of the tree to help retain water. This ensures that the tree receives a slow, deep watering, encouraging roots to grow deeper.
5. Maintaining Your Trees After Planting
Whether planting in spring or fall, newly planted trees require regular care to thrive. Mulch around the base of the tree with about five centimeters of organic material like wood chips or bark, leaving a small gap around the trunk. This helps retain soil moisture and insulates the roots. Water the tree regularly, especially during dry periods. Check the soil moisture by digging a small hole – if the soil is dry to the touch, give your tree a good soak.
6. How to Prepare Your Trees for Winter
Fall-planted trees need extra care to prepare for winter. Start by wrapping the trunk with a commercial tree wrap to protect against frost cracks, especially for younger trees. Remove the wrap in the spring. Mulch the base of the tree to insulate the roots against freezing temperatures and reduce soil evaporation. Lastly, give the tree a deep watering before the ground freezes to help it retain moisture throughout the winter.
7. Pruning and Winter Maintenance
Pruning should be avoided in the fall as the tree is entering dormancy. Wait until late winter, when the tree is fully dormant, to prune any damaged or unwanted branches. This ensures minimal stress on the tree and encourages healthy growth in the spring.
By following these tips, you can ensure the success of your tree planting efforts and help your trees establish strong roots, whether you’re planting in the fall or spring. Using mycorrhizae further enhances the tree’s ability to grow and thrive, making your landscape healthier and more vibrant for years to come.
You can purchase ~6 foot Oak and Maple trees (both great species to plant in the fall) as well as ~10+ foot maple trees from us at minimal cost, equal to about ten dollars per foot of height. Just send us a message via out page.
