25/12/2025
#ለድልድይ ምሃንዲሶች/Bridge Engineers ለስራ ፈተና የሚያግዝ(Practical & Technical)
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1. are the main stages of bridge construction?
Site investigation, setting-out, foundation works, substructure, superstructure, bearing installation, deck casting, finishing, and load testing.
2. is meant by substructure and superstructure of a bridge?
Substructure: Foundation, abutments, piers, and wing walls.
Superstructure: Girders, deck slab, bearings, parapets, and wearing course.
3. are the common types of bridge foundations?
Open foundation, pile foundation, well foundation, and caisson foundation.
4. is pile foundation preferred for bridges?
When weak soil exists at shallow depth, in river beds, marshy areas, or where heavy loads are involved.
5. is scour depth and why is it important in bridge design?
The depth of soil erosion around foundation due to flowing water; it governs foundation depth for safety.
6. is a cofferdam and where is it used?
A temporary watertight enclosure used to construct bridge foundations in water bodies.
7. checks are required before casting pile caps or footings for bridges?
Pile integrity test clearance, pile cut-off level confirmation, reinforcement inspection, formwork check, and base cleanliness.
8. are bearings in bridges and their function?
Structural components that transfer loads from superstructure to substructure while allowing movement and rotation.
9. are the common types of bridge bearings?
Elastomeric bearings, pot bearings, roller bearings, and sliding bearings.
10. is the importance of bearing level and alignment?
Incorrect level causes uneven load distribution, cracking, and premature bearing
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